The creation of an enabling environment for the elimination of poverty at both national and global levels, which the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) aim to achieve, incorporates the inevitable need for improvement in access to clean water and safe sanitation. This consideration is contained in Target 10; under Goal 7 (environmental sustainability goal) of the global development agenda, which is composed of 8 Goals, 18 Targets and 48 Parameters. The focus in this respect is to "halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and sanitation." This challenge means providing about 1.5 billion people with access to safe water and 2 billion with basic sanitation facilities by 2015.

As the countdown to the target date continues, meeting the water and sanitation target has become doubtful for many countries especially in East Asia and in Sub-Saharan Africa. Full Artilcle [2]